SUMMARY
Considering the quality, quantity, and diversity of films distributed under the Walt Disney Company banner, GLAAD has given the Walt Disney Company an INSUFFICIENT grade.
Of the theatrical films released by Walt Disney Studios itself, it was disappointing to see that none of their releases passed the Vito Russo test. Any inclusion in the Marvel Cinematic Universe was from characters whose identities were confirmed in other Marvel properties, and the one animated film with LGBTQ representation was a quick confirmation from a character with under a minute of screen time. Considering past Marvel films such as Eternals and animated films such as Strange World, which both featured LGBTQ characters as major parts of their ensembles, it is disappointing to see 2023’s Disney films far beneath the bar set in previous years. Further, no films from label 20th Century Studios included LGBTQ characters.
Subsidiary Searchlight Pictures fared far better in terms of queer representation. Romantic drama All of Us Strangers painted a nuanced and beautiful portrait of a gay man’s loneliness and finding love with another man. Mockumentary Theater Camp also showcased a gay lead, and a handful of queer youths. Films such as Poor Things and Next Goal Wins had LGBTQ characters in prominent roles, yet the portrayal of those characters did not live up to their potential.
Hulu featured the most films with LGBTQ representation including Black queer women in films such as romantic comedy Rye Lane and horror film Jagged Mind, though some Hulu films left more to be desired from their onscreen representation including Appendage, Clock, and Quasi. Unfortunately, zero Disney+ scripted feature films included LGBTQ characters.
Overall, Disney has a mixed bag when it comes to LGBTQ representation. Specifically, representation is lacking in blockbuster franchises and kids and family films, which is what the Disney brand is known for. GLAAD urges Disney to include more LGBTQ characters in these types of stories and a greater variety of platforms telling a greater variety of queer stories.
HISTORY
Walt Disney is one of the largest and most recognizable film and entertainment companies in the world, encompassing an expansive international brand far beyond just films. The company distributes and markets the majority of content produced by Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar Animation Studios, Lucasfilm, Marvel Studios, Searchlight Pictures, and 20th Century Studios. In recent years, Disney has shuttered studios such as Fox 2000 and Blue Sky Animation, most recently dissolving 20th Digital Studio in 2023. Disney launched its streaming service Disney+ in 2019 and has experimented with film releases on the service in lieu of or in addition to theatrical releases. Also in 2019, Disney reached an agreement with Comcast for majority control of Hulu, with the intent of finalizing the deal in 2024. In 2023, Disney announced its plan to combine Disney+ and Hulu content into a “one-app” experience” by the end of the year. The official launch of Hulu on Disney+ was finalized in 2024, but each service remains available separately.
Compared to other studios tracked in this study, Walt Disney Studios has historically had a subpar reputation surrounding LGBTQ inclusion. Disney-owned Touchstone Pictures has released inclusive films Ed Wood (1994), Sweet Home Alabama (2002), Under the Tuscan Sun (2003), and Kinky Boots (2006). Lucasfilms produced Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985), which combined gay Japanese writer Yukio Mishima’s autobiography with parts of his fiction novels, but was never officially released in Japan due to protests, and was released by Warner Bros. in the United States. Disney’s past LGBTQ-inclusive films include GLAAD Media Award winner Eternals (2021) and GLAAD Media Award nominee Strange World (2022), in addition to Delivery Man (2013), Muppets Most Wanted (2014), Beauty and the Beast (2017), Black Panther: Wakanda Forever (2022), Lightyear (2022), Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (2022), and Thor: Love and Thunder (2022); and 20th Century’s previous LGBTQ-inclusive releases include The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975), Making Love (1982), Silkwood (1983), The Object of My Affection (1998), The Family Stone (2005), Independence Day: Resurgence (2016), GLAAD Media Award winner Love, Simon (2018), The New Mutants (2020) and GLAAD Media Award nominee West Side Story (2021). Hulu began producing original films in 2019 and has released GLAAD Media Award winners Happiest Season (2020), and Changing the Game (2021), and Fire Island (2022); GLAAD Media Award nominees Plan B (2021), Crush (2022), Wildhood (2022), and Mormon No More (2022), among others. In 2022, Disney+ also released GLAAD Media Award nominees Better Nate than Ever, Trevor: The Musical and Zombies 3.

This emotional drama follows neighbors Adam and Harry, who form a relationship as Adam is haunted by the ghosts of his parents. Much of the film is Adam going back to his childhood home, where his young parents appear as old as they were when they died, and they catch up on Adam’s life since they passed. This includes a coming out scene where Adam tells his mother he’s gay, and she reacts poorly, because she’s worried for his safety and happiness. Unlike typical coming out scenes portrayed in film, where the parent is either fully accepting or hateful, Adam’s mother is in between. Beyond forging a relationship with his ghostly parents, much of the film centers around Adam growing closer to Harry, showing their emotional and physical intimacy and frank conversations about their own queerness. The lines of reality are blurred in the entire film, but especially as the film progresses and Adam is unsure of what’s real or not. Eventually his parents have to move on from their time on this earth, and Adam cannot find Harry. The film ends with Adam discovering Harry in his bed, having died before they began their relationship. Adam weeps, and holds Harry in a tender embrace.
This fantastical drama follows Bella Baxter, a Frankenstein’s monster type created by using the body of a pregant woman who died by suicide and the brain of her unborn baby. The resulting Bella has the body of an adult and the mind of a child, which leads to a disturbing number of men who wish to sleep with her. As the film progresses, so does Bella’s brain, and she learns about the seedier parts of society. There is a sequence where she works as a sex worker in Paris, having sex with a variety of men who ask her to do degrading things. One of the only sexual experiences during this time she seems to enjoy is with Toinette, another sex worker who is Bella’s friend at the brothel. While this presents an opportunity to dive into Bella’s sexuality beyond just men taking advantage of her, the film quickly moves on from the sexual act between Bella and Toinette, instead focusing on yet another man exploiting and abusing Bella. Toinette briefly appears at the end of the film, as one of Bella’s companions after she has performed her own experiment on her abusive ex-husband. Toinette is never fully explored as a character, nor is her relationship with Bella ever fleshed out besides their one sexual encounter. This could have been a significant part of Bella’s development and understanding of sex and relationships, but instead was buried beneath a sea of men taking advantage of Bella.
Theater Camp is a mockumentary that follows the employees and students of a theater summer camp on the verge of bankruptcy. One of the main characters is Amos, who is confirmed to be gay upon his introduction, as his co-counselor and best friend Rebecca-Diane used to have a crush on him until he came out. Several of the tweens at camp are confirmed to be queer as well, at one point chanting “we are gay witches and this is our spell” when getting ready. The camp is presented as a safe space for queer people, as being gay is never an issue for anyone. In fact, there is a moment where one of the campers with two dads essentially comes out as straight. It is exciting to see queer joy from young people in an environment where they are so easily accepted.
This comedy surrounds the fallout of someone accidentally dropping a baby at their friends’ wedding. The wedding in question is between lesbian couple Mia and Peggy, and the baby is theirs as well. The woman who dropped the baby is Lex, who we find out has dated almost everyone in the friend group, including Mia and Lindsey. As a bisexual woman, so much of Lex’s character revolves around her promiscuity, which is a stereotype that bisexual characters too often fall into. As for the lesbian couple, they are off screen more than the straight characters, because they are at the hospital with their baby. Even at their wedding, the focus pulls to the straight romance. Though on paper, having a friend group with a lesbian couple and bisexual characters is notable, the execution fell flat.

This romantic comedy follows protagonists Yas and Dom as they meet and spend a day together in Rye Lane market. The film peppers in casual queer representation throughout. The two leads go on an adventure to Yas’ ex-boyfriend’s house, where they meet his two mothers, Janet and Tanice, who are casually portrayed as two older Black women in a loving relationship, still a rarity in film today. Yas also visits her friend Mona, a nonbinary karaoke bar performer. Though none of these characters are the leads, they affect the plot without falling into the “gay best friend” trope, but just existing as Black queer people in Yas’s life. Rye Lane is a prime example of casual inclusion in a romantic comedy. 










